PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL OF POLITICAL ECOLOGY

overcoming the inequalities of green transition​

STUDENT PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL OF POLITICAL ECOLOGY

overcoming the inequalities of green transition

MAX AJL

MONDAY 21. 8. 2023 9:30 - 11:00

For a People's Green New Deal

Over the past five years, the idea of a Green New Deal has become prevalent in climate politics. In the North, GNDs have been one of a larger set of planning proposals, seeking to re-orient the relationship of the human productive apparatus to the remainder of the planet. This lecture canvasses the landscape of GNDs and other green transitions, assessing how transformative they are, how they approach capitalism, how they see the ecology, and how they approach the Third World, the national question, and internationalism. In particular it elaborates some ideas for a possible People’s Green New Deal as a proposal for southern transformative national-popular planning.

Izdelek brez naslova

Bue Rübner Hansen

MONDAY 21. 8. 2023 11:00 - 12:30

In/equality beyond fact and norm: towards strategic research

[Coming soon]

Roland Ngam

MONDAY 21. 8. 2023 14:00 - 15:30

Degrowth in an African Periphery: Recentering decoloniality around anthropocentric and circular ontologies

The hegemonic capitalist system likes to argue that endless growth is possible, that if you work hard enough, you too can have your mansion with blue swimming pool and lush green lawns, gas-guzzlers in the garage and maybe a football team in one of the top European leagues. Unrelenting cultural hegemony messaging is churned out to co-opt enough people to join the impossible rat race to the top of the consumerism matrix. But make no mistake: hegemonic capitalism is both the creator and consequence of brutal exploitation of black, brown and white bodies, women’s backs, nature and all the commons that we were all meant to enjoy equally. This architecture of bottomless greed reorganised power relations pertaining to land, labour, capital and entrepreneurship away from people-owned circular, ecocentric commons in favour of selfish, soulless, individualistic & anthropocentric relationships. The pervasive hegemonic anthropocentric ontology powered the British-centred food regime, the industrial revolution, post-World War II expansionism, the American-led food regime, the modern financialised food-regime and everything else in-between. The climate crisis confluences with a multitude of other crises – mental crisis, solitude crisis, identity crisis, green colonialism and usurping of customary lands, etc. – to create a post-Covid reckoning in which more and more young people are saying: no more!Far from being limited to the Global North, capital and corporatisation has expanded its frontier of accumulation to so-called emerging and underdeveloped countries in the Global South. In this perspective, the degrowth debate invites itself to the Global South, not in the sense of litigating levels of consumption in affluent societies, but rather to dismantle the global architecture of exploitation that sucks the lifeblood of the Global South in order to provide the Global North with cheap meat and cheap electronics. This lecutre argues that the current anthropocentric ontology is quickly taking us to the edge of a cliff – the point of no return – and the only thing that can help us avert certain disaster is an ethnocentric degrowth ontology within a new internationalism.

The pervasive hegemonic anthropocentric ontology powered the British-centred food regime, the industrial revolution, post-World War II expansionism, the American-led food regime, the modern financialised food-regime and everything else in-between. The climate crisis confluences with a multitude of other crises – mental crisis, solitude crisis, identity crisis, green colonialism and usurping of customary lands, etc. – to create a post-Covid reckoning in which more and more young people are saying: no more!Far from being limited to the Global North, capital and corporatisation has expanded its frontier of accumulation to so-called emerging and underdeveloped countries in the Global South.

In this perspective, the degrowth debate invites itself to the Global South, not in the sense of litigating levels of consumption in affluent societies, but rather to dismantle the global architecture of exploitation that sucks the lifeblood of the Global South in order to provide the Global North with cheap meat and cheap electronics. This lecutre argues that the current anthropocentric ontology is quickly taking us to the edge of a cliff – the point of no return – and the only thing that can help us avert certain disaster is an ethnocentric degrowth ontology within a new internationalism.

Roundtable discussion I

MONDAY 21. 8. 2023 16:00 - 17:00

Causes and solutions: conceptual perspectives on inequalities

In this roundtable discussion we will deepen the discussion of the concepts presented during the morning lectures, as well as their interconnections. We will discuss the relation of inequalities to the Green Deal, growth economies, and the capitalist system. Conceptual considerations will be put into the context of the Global South-North divide, within-country inequalities and the human-nature relationship. Based on the diagnoses of the causes of social and ecological inequalities we will also touch upon solutions, including degrowth policies, a new internationalism, and ecocentric approaches.

Moderator: Jonnas Sonnenschein

Guests:

Max Ajl, Bue Rübner Hansen, Ronald Ngam

Emanuele Leonardi

TUESDAY 22.8.2023 9:00 - 10:30

Working-class environmentalism and climate justice

The lecture engages with the link between the social question and environmental issues in such a way that the two poles are not mutually exclusive but, rather, the latter entails an expansion of the former. In this context, Just Transition initially indicates a defensive posture in industrial relations. Subsequently, however, the encounter with Climate Justice provides it with ‘new clothes’, which enable a class-based perspective on the environmental crisis. The case-study of the GKN Factory Collective in Campi Bisenzio (Florence) will show how workers' knowledge and sustainability can eventually merge into a horizon of ecological transition from below.

Selina Gallo-Cruz

TUESDAY 22.8.2023 11:00 - 12:30

Ontology, biology and care in the face of climate crisis: Ecofeminist perspectives

Every policy defines the ontology of the actors in a given field, sometimes in explicit, sometimes unspoken ways. Ecofeminism helps to identify those who have been rendered invisible or made expendable under the industrial extraction that powers the global economy. Ecofeminism draws on women’s embodied experiences to challenge the exploitation and environmental degradation, violence, and insecurity intrinsic to growth-based global capitalism.

In this talk, I will discuss a line of ecofeminist thought that has critically analyzed Western humanism and industry through both cultural sociological and biologically based perspectives. I will present an overview of ecofeminist responses to the nexus of poverty and exploitation bound up in climate crises and the various kinds of social conflicts exasperated by energy extraction in vulnerable communities around the world. I then apply an ecofeminist framework to green transition policies, identifying new social and ecological injustice concerns.

Izdelek brez naslova

Darko Nadić

TUESDAY 22.8.2023 14:00 - 15:30

New tendencies in the development of Environmental movements in the 21st Century: radicalization of Environmental movements in the Republic of Serbia

In the third decade of the 21st century, Serbia is experiencing a profound transformation of environmental movements. The issue of ecology in Serbia is becoming, above all, a radical political issue. The following factors will be highlighted as causes of radical action: intensive economic investments, general mistrust that political structures are generally capable of solving inherited and new environmental problems, and the creation of a situation where environmental movements act more like classic political than social movements. The lecture will contain transformations of environmental movements and factors that accelerated that transformation, as well as new methods of their action, especially those caused by the case of the Rio Tinto Company and the problem of mining lithium. Additionally, two new terms - "politization of ecology" and "post-politization of ecology" - will be explained. The politization of ecology means the use of environmental problems for short-term political promotions, and the post-politization of ecology means the transition of ecological movements into classical political movements, i.e., parties. On the other hand, the lecture will also include an analysis of four types of new environmentalism, specific to the digital age: "influencer environmentalism," "celebrity environmentalism," "tabloid" environmentalism, and "glamping" environmentalism.

Izdelek brez naslova

Roundtable discussion II

TUESDAY 22.8.2023 16:00 - 17:00

Solidarity against inequality: trade unions, climate movement, feminism

We will discuss the role of labour movements and feminism in the environmental struggle as components of a green social transformation. Although issues related to the environmental crisis are central to the struggles of the working class and women, these struggles are mostly taking place in isolation, each in its own context. We will ask the following questions - why is the integration of social struggles and solidarity between movements necessary for a green social transformation that will eliminate inequalities? Is this possible within a capitalism that sees human and non-human reproduction as a means of endlessly increasing GDP? How do we manage solidarity and integration in practice and what are the obstacles? How to achieve mass support, is it possible to mobilise people on the basis of this rather abstract threat of environmental collapse? We will discuss all this with representatives of the trade union central, Youth for Climate Justice and feminist activism in Slovenia. Moderator: Taj Zavodnik Guests: Sara Svati Sharan, Feminism Committee of the Iskra Student Association Gaj Kolšek, Youth for climate justice David Švarc, Professional Firefighters' Union of Slovenia

Zastavili si bomo naslednja vprašanja – zakaj je povezovanje družbenih bojev in solidarnost med gibanji nujna za zeleno družbeno preobrazbo, ki bo odpravila neenakosti? Je to mogoče znotraj kapitalizma, ki človeško in nečloveško reprodukcijo dojema kot sredstvo neskončnega povečevanja BDP? Kako nam solidarnost in povezovanje uspeva v praksi in kakšne so prepreke? Kako doseči množično podporo, je mogoče aktivirati ljudi na podlagi te precej abstraktne grožnje okoljskega zloma?

O tem smo spregovorili s predstavnicami in predstavniki sindikalne centrale, Mladih za podnebno pravičnost in feminističnega aktivizma v Sloveniji. 

Moderator: Taj Zavodnik

Guests:

  • Sara Svati Sharan, Feminism Committee of the Iskra Student Association
  • Gaj Kolšek, Youth for climate justice
  • David Švarc, Professional Firefighters' Union of Slovenia

Stefan Bouzarovski

WEDNESDAY 23.8.2023 9:00 - 10:30

Global energy injustices: Transforming the infrastructural body politic

This lecture focuses on the global geographies of energy poverty – a multidimensional predicament stemming from interactions among deeper structural challenges in society. I will explore how the injustices associated with this form of hardship connect to socio-technical provision systems across the world. I will pay particular attention to the critical political ecologies of a ‘just transition’ (Bouzarovski 2022) involving an alternative understanding of infrastructural recognition and governance.

Rachel Guyet

WEDNESDAY 23.8.2023 11:00 - 12:30

Is a just transition possible in Europe?

Over time and space, the multiple transformations of energy systems have always been accompanied with injustices and inequalities. And the current process is not devoid of them. But who are the losers and winners of this process? How and why are citizens affected? Drawing such a multidimensional diagnosis of the injustices caused by the current process of energy transition is necessary if we want to address the just transition challenges.

Aristotle Tympas

WEDNESDAY 23.8.2023 14:00 - 15:30

On the inseparability of the technical and the social in definitions of (and transitions to) renewable energy: From historiographical observations to policy considerations

Increasingly large wind and solar parks, and, noticeably, even nuclear plants, are now presented as indispensable for a transition to environmental sustainability. In the case of industrial scale wind/energy generation this becomes possible by black-boxing everything but the presence of a desirable input (from the wind/sun); in nuclear energy by black-boxing everything but the absence of a non-desirable output (chimney smoke). This leaves out of sight, indicatively, (1) the established fossil fuels extractivism (nuclear energy) or the emerging extractivism for materials for wind turbine blades and solar panel cells (wind/solar energy), both possible through a colonialist-type degradation of labor and nature, (2) the equally colonialist dumping of depleted fuels (nuclear energy) or exhausted materials (industrial wind/solar energy), and (3) the long distance transmission network shared by both, which makes energy appear clean/green at a social center of ‘consumption’ no matter how dirty/black may be at the ‘production’ at some social periphery. In the end, this makes it possible to present the technical as separable from the social, material designs as indifferent to social interests, energy technologies as innocent of the destruction of nature and exploitation of labor. Taking advantage of approaches to technology from the humanities and the social sciences, the lecture will invite attention to the potential of opening the energy technology black-boxes as a prerequisite of arriving at a proper definition of (and a real transition to) renewable energy.

Roundtable discussion III

WEDNESDAY 23.8.2023 16:00 - 17:00

The right to energy

Energy poverty affects many people in "rich" Europe, let alone elsewhere in the world. The Right to Energy Coalition has identified three essential ways to end energy poverty in Europe: 1) access to affordable and clean energy as a basic human right, 2) energy democracy, 3) decent, energy-efficient and affordable housing for all.

We will focus mainly on the first two, saving the third for the next day. How can we ensure an adequate distribution of energy to avoid both limited consumption and "decadent" consumption? How can we ensure that people affected by energy poverty are fully integrated into energy communities? The focus should be on the right to energy services rather than energy, but how can such a right be practically implemented?

Moderator: Lidija Živčič

Guests:

Stefan Bouzarovski, Saška Petrova (both included in the ENPOR project) Aristotle Tympas, Rachel Guyet

Nóra Teller

THURSDAY 24.8.2023 9:00 - 10:30

Perpetuation of housing inequalities and implications for social and environmental justice

The lecture will review concepts of housing inequality (such as housing wealth, tenure, home-ownership regimes, spatial opportunities linked with housing), and revisits mechanisms relating to the perpetuation of housing inequalities. We will look into some data on key features of housing inequality and delve into how urban governance and housing inequalities, including housing segregation, are linked, and what implications that has for social and ecological justice in the CEE context

Clotilde Clark-Foulquier

THURSDAY 24.8.2023 11:00 - 12:30

Housing solutions and a just environmental transition

This lecture is based on the work of FEANTSA (the European federation of national organizations working with the homeless) on housing solutions and a just environmental transition. The lecture will focus on the link between housing and environmental policy and bring a critical perspective on how the narrative of addressing housing inequalities is being used in the framework of the Green Deal. It will look at what housing inequalities are from two key angles: housing costs and housing adequacy. It will provide a brief overview of the state of play, causes and consequences and focus on how it relates to the European Green Deal.

Yuri Kazepov

THURSDAY 24.8.2023 14:00 - 15:30

The green transition challenge: inequalities and justice in housing

The “Green transition” is a complex process with potentially ambiguous consequences on social inequalities in terms of cost distributions. The relationship between social and environmental policies is from this point of view a crucial issue, which only recently started being considered by scholars. The field of investigation is still characterised by many criticalities: empirical weaknesses; uncertainty and ambiguity about outcomes and by the complexity of multilevel governance arrangements. In my lecture I will address these issues both from a theoretical and empirical perspective. Theoretically I will provide an analytical framework to address these issues, and empirically I will be illustrating the complexities at stake by using housing policies and their relationship to environmental policies and social inequalities emerging out of green gentrification processes. As a case I will be using Vienna in a comparative perspective with other European cities.

Izdelek brez naslova

Roundtable discussion IV

THURSDAY 24.8.2023 16:00 - 17:00

The Vienna Housing Model - Utopia, Dogma or Ideal

We have no doubt all heard of the Vienna Housing Model. As soon as the subject of housing policy comes up, someone is quick to tell us how it is done in Vienna. In Slovenia, too, housing policy is to be reformed along the lines of Vienna. But what does this actually mean? Why is it always held up as an ideal? What is the web of policies, measures and actors that create the so-called Vienna model? And what are its effects on the environment and on society? Can we map it in other contexts? Is it resilient to neoliberal global trends, and might it also have weaknesses, if not vulnerabilities? Through an examination of the Vienna housing model, its basic elements, strengths and weaknesses, we will reflect on the building blocks and conditions for the development of a housing policy capable of providing sustainable housing for all, through the prism of the Slovenian context. The roundtable is curated by Maša Hawlina (Zadrugator, Institute for Housing and Spatial Studies). Guests: professor of sociology of University of Vienna Yuri Kazepov and Expert for Housing and Investment and Ministry of Solidarity-Based future (Republic of Slovenia) Gašper Skalar.

Through an examination of the Vienna housing model, its basic elements, strengths and weaknesses, we will reflect on the building blocks and conditions for the development of a housing policy capable of providing sustainable housing for all, through the prism of the Slovenian context.

The roundtable is curated by Maša Hawlina (Zadrugator, Institute for Housing and Spatial Studies).

Guest: professor of sociology of University of Vienna

Accredited student programme

FRIDAY 25.8.2023 9:00 - 12:00

Presentation and defence of the research work from the accredited programme

Photography: Peter žiberna

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LIFE IP CARE4CLIMATE (LIFE17 IPC/SI/000007) is an integrated project, financed by the European Comission's LIFE Programme, the Slovenian Climate Fund and partners' own contributions.

The opinions expressed in this document are those of the author(s) only and should not be considered as representative of the European Union's official position.

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